Quiz Content
- Review the Ch. 4 information on evidence, research, errors and biases in thinking, as well as the fallacy information found in Ch. 5 of THiNK: Critical Thinking and Logic Skills for Everyday Life.
Complete the Wk 3 Identifying Fallacies, Social Errors, and Biases Quiz.
Note: Reading the chapter summaries and reviewing vocabulary words in the text are a great way to prepare for a quiz.
- Question 1.The influence of social expectations is so powerful that it can lead to collective delusions in which people attempt to fit evidence into their cultural worldview.
- True
- False
- Question 2.The statement, “Don’t disagree with me. Remember who pays your college tuition.” is an example of which fallacy:
- Amphiboly
- Appeal to ignorance
- Loaded question
- Appeal to force (scare tactics)
- Question 3.The slippery slope fallacy is based on the idea that once you believe something, you will never change your mind about that belief.
- True
- False
- Question 4.Diffusion of responsibility is not taking responsibility for our own actions.
- True
- False
- Question 5.Memories are always reliable sources of evidence.
- True
- False
- Question 6.Identify an accurate statement about ethnocentrism.
- It is the unjustified belief that one’s group or culture is superior to that of others.
- It is the tendency of people, when in a large group, to regard a problem as belonging to themselves rather than someone else.
- It is the tendency of people to look only for evidence that confirms their assumptions and to resist evidence that contradicts them.
- It is a phenomenon where people vividly recall events that never happened.
- Question 7.Which of the following best describes an argument in the context of critical thinking?
- two people angrily disagreeing with one another over an important issue and calling each other nasty names
- attempting to provide rational support for a claim with a set of premises
- the process of defending a deeply held belief without considering opposing evidence
- none of these answers are correct
- Question 8,An appeal to ignorance is a fallacy of relevance.
- True
- False
- Question 9.Making an assumption that something is true simply because most people believe it to be true is an example of the _____ form of the popular appeal fallacy.
- bandwagon approach
- snob appeal
- hasty generalization
- red herring
- Question 10.Which of the following best describes an argument that commits the informal fallacy of equivocation?
- an argument that fails because it relies on words that are ambiguous
- an argument that changes meaning according to which word or phrase in it is emphasized
- an argument that is valid but relies on a false premise
- an argument in which a grammatical mistake allows more than one conclusion to be drawn
- Question 11.Which of the following fallacies is a fallacy of ambiguity?
- the fallacy of equivocation
- hasty generalization
- modus tollens
- the ad hominem fallacy
- Question 12.A famous person appearing in an ad for a product completely unrelated to the person’s fame or expertise commits a fallacy of popular appeal.
- True
- False
- Question 13.Which of the following is a strategy for avoiding informal fallacies?
- when presented with a complicated argument, concentrate on your opponent’s flaws while creating a rebuttal.
- focus on winning when presenting an argument.
- learn to listen carefully.
- decide on a strategy to counter your opponent’s argument before it is presented.
- Question 14.Which of the following best describes the red herring fallacy?
- twisting someone’s argument in order to refute it
- bringing up information that is completely irrelevant to the point at hand
- seeking only information that confirms the opinion you hold
- ignoring information that would disconfirm your opinion